ngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·ÐÂÎÅÍøѶ(¼ÇÕßÖì¼ÎºÀ Àƽ£©7ÔÂ9ÈÕ£¬£¬£¬¡¶×ÔÈ»¡·ÔÓÖ¾£¨Nature£©ÔÚÏß½ÒÏþngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·ÎïÀíѧԺÍõÑ©»ª¡¢¡¢¡¢Áõ½ø½ÌÊÚÍŶÓÖ÷µ¼µÄ×îÐÂÑо¿Ð§¹û¡£ÍŶÓÌá³öÁËÒ»ÖÖȫеÄÇ»ÓÕµ¼×Ô¾õË«¹â×Ó·øÉä·½°¸£¬£¬£¬ÔÚ¹ú¼ÊÉÏÂÊÏÈʵÏÖÓëµ¥¹â×Ó·øÉäÇ¿¶ÈÏ൱µÄ×Ô¾õË«¹â×Ó·øÉ䣬£¬£¬Ñз¢³ö±£Õæ¶È¸ß´ï99.4%µÄ°´Ðè´¥·¢Ê½ÐÂÐÍ΢ÄÉÁ¿×Ó¾À²ø¹âÔ´¡£ÕâһЧ¹ûΪÐÂÒ»´úÁ¿×ÓϸÃÜÕÉÁ¿ÊÖÒյĿªÕ¹£¬£¬£¬ÒÔ¼°¹¦Ð§»¯¹âÁ¿×ÓÐÅÏ¢´¦ÀíоƬµÄ¹¹½¨ÌṩÁËÒªº¦Ö§³Ö¡£

ÔÚÁ¿×ÓÌìÏÂÀ£¬£¬Ò»¶Ô¹â×ÓÄÜÏñÐÄÁé¸ÐÓ¦µÄË«°ûÌ¥¡ª¡ª×ÝÈ»Ïà¸ôÍòÀ£¬£¬ÕÉÁ¿ÆäÖÐÒ»¸ö£¬£¬£¬ÁíÒ»¸ö˲¼ä¡°»ØÓ¦¡±¡£ÕâÖÖÉñÆæµÄÁ¿×Ó¾À²ø£¬£¬£¬ÔÚÁ¿×ÓÅÌËã¡¢¡¢¡¢Á¿×ÓͨѶºÍÁ¿×ÓϸÃÜÕÉÁ¿µÈ¶à¸öÁìÓòÊ©Õ¹×ÅÖÁ¹ØÖ÷ÒªµÄ×÷Óá£

Ïà½ÏÓÚÈùâ×ÓËæ»ú¡°½á¶Ô×Ó¡±£¬£¬£¬ngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·ÍŶÓÑ¡ÔñÖ±½ÓÅàÓý¹â×Ó¡°Ë«°ûÌ¥¡±£¬£¬£¬ÈÃËüÃÇ×Ô½µÉúʱ±ã¾ß±¸¡°Á¿×Óî¿°í¡±£¬£¬£¬ÊµÏÖÁ¿×Ó¾À²ø¡£

¡°Ä³Ð©ÌØÊâÖÊÁÏ£¬£¬£¬ºÃ±ÈÎÒÃǽÓÄɵġ®ÈËÔìÔ­×Ó¡¯½á¹¹£¬£¬£¬ÓиÅÂÊÔÚͳһʱ¿Ì·¢ÉäÁ½¸öϸÃܹØÁªµÄ¹â×Ó£¬£¬£¬ÕâÖÖÕ÷Ïó±»³ÆΪ¡®×Ô¾õË«¹â×Ó·øÉ䡯¡£¡±ÂÛÎĵÚÒ»×÷Õß¡¢¡¢¡¢ngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·ÎïÀíѧԺ¸±½ÌÊÚÁõ˳·¢Ú¹Ê͵À¡£Ö»¹ÜÔÚ20ÊÀ¼Í60ÄêÔ£¬£¬£¬Ñо¿Ö°Ô±¾ÍÒÑÌá³öÏà¹ØµÄÀíÂÛÔ¤ÑÔ£¬£¬£¬µ«ÓÉÓÚÔ­×Ó×ÜÊÇÇãÏòÓÚÒ»´ÎÖ»·øÉäÒ»¸ö¹â×Ó£¬£¬£¬¡°Ë«°ûÌ¥¡±¹â×ӵı¬·¢¸ÅÂÊͨ³£Ô¶Ô¶µÍÓÚµ¥¹â×Ó±¬·¢¸ÅÂÊ£¬£¬£¬ÊµÑéÉÏÏÕЩÎÞ·¨ÊӲ졣½ü40ÄêÀ´£¬£¬£¬Ö»¹Ü¹ú¼ÊÉÏÖÚ¶àÑо¿ÍŶӾÙÐÐÁ˶àÖÖʵÑéʵÑ飬£¬£¬¸ÃÁìÓòÈÔδÄÜÈ¡µÃʵÖÊÐÔÍ»ÆÆ¡£

ÂÛÎĵÚÒ»×÷ÕßÁõ˳·¢¸±½ÌÊÚ¿ªÕ¹Á¿×Ó¹âѧÕÉÁ¿ÊµÑé

ÏÖÔÚ£¬£¬£¬°ëµ¼ÌåµÄÖÊÁÏÉú³¤ÓëÆ÷¼þ¼Ó¹¤ÊÖÒÕµÄÍ»ÆÆΪ×Ô¾õË«¹â×Ó·øÉäµÄʵÑéʵÏÖÌṩÁËÒªº¦Ö§³Ö¡£¡°ÎÒÃÇÉè¼ÆÁ˳¬¸ßÆ·ÖʵĹâѧ΢ǻ£¬£¬£¬²¢ÔÚ΢Äɱê×¼ÉÏϸÄåµ÷¿Ø¹â×ӵı¬·¢Àú³Ì¡£¡±Áõ˳·¢Ëµ£¬£¬£¬ÕâÖÖ¹âѧ΢ǻΪ¡°Ë«°ûÌ¥¡±¹â×ӵı¬·¢´î½¨ÁËרÊôͨµÀ£¬£¬£¬ÔÚʵÑéÖн«Ë«¹â×ӵķøÉäЧÂÊ´ÓСÓÚ0.1%ÌáÉýµ½ÁËÔ¼50%£¬£¬£¬´Ó¶øʹÖƱ¸¿É¿Ø´¥·¢µÄ¾À²ø¹â×Ó¶ÔÔ´³ÉΪ¿ÉÄÜ¡£

¡°ÎÒÃǾÍÏñÔÚÄÉÃ×±ê×¼ÉÏ´òÔìÁËÒ»¸öרѧÉú²ú¾À²ø¹â×ӵŤ³§¡£¡±Áõ˳·¢ÌåÏÖ¡£¸ÃÑо¿»ùÓÚÄÉÃ׳ߴçµÄ¹Ì̬¡°ÈËÔìÔ­×Ó¡±½á¹¹£¬£¬£¬Ìá³öÁËÒ»ÖÖÇ»ÓÕµ¼µÄ×Ô¾õË«¹â×Ó·øÉä·½°¸£¬£¬£¬ÔÚ¹ú¼ÊÉÏÂÊÏÈʵÏÖÁËÓëµ¥¹â×Ó·øÉäÇ¿¶ÈÏ൱µÄ×Ô¾õË«¹â×Ó·øÉ䣬£¬£¬Í»ÆÆÁË¡°¹â×Ó·øÉäµÄ¶þ½×Á¿×ÓÀú³Ì±Ø¶¨Ô¶ÈõÓÚÒ»½×Àú³Ì¡±µÄ¹Å°åÈÏÖª£¬£¬£¬ÀÖ³ÉÖƱ¸³ö±£Õæ¶È¸ß´ï99.4%µÄ°´Ðè´¥·¢Ê½ÐÂÐ;À²ø¹â×Ó¶ÔÔ´¡£¡°ÕâÒ»Ö¸±êÒâζ×Ångµç×ÓÓÎÏ·¾À²ø¹â×Ó¡®ÐÄÁé¸ÐÓ¦¡¯µÄÇ¿¶È¼«¸ß£¬£¬£¬Ò²ÏÔʾ³öÕâÏîÊÖÒÕÔÚÌáÉýÁ¿×ÓͨѶÇå¾²ÐÔ¡¢¡¢¡¢Á¿×ÓÅÌËã¿É¿¿ÐÔ¡¢¡¢¡¢Á¿×Ó¼ÆÁ¿¾«¶ÈµÈ·½ÃæµÄÖØ´óDZÁ¦¡£¡±

×Ô¾õË«¹â×Ó·øÉä¡££¨a£©Ë«¹â×Ó¾À²ø¿´·¨Í¼£»£»£¨b£©Ç»ÓÕµ¼µÄ×Ô¾õË«¹â×Ó·øÉä¹âÆ×£»£»£¨c£©×Ô¾õË«¹â×Ó·øÉäµÄÁ¿×Ó¹ØÁªÌØÕ÷¡£

¡¶×ÔÈ»¡·ÔÓÖ¾Éó¸åÈ˸߶ÈÆÀ¼ÛÕâһЧ¹û£¬£¬£¬ÒÔΪÆäÊÇ¡°Ë«¹â×ÓÑо¿ÁìÓòµÄÍ»ÆÆÐÔÏ£Íû¡±¡°ÊµÏÖÁ˱£Õæ¶È´´¼Í¼µÄ¾À²ø¹â×Ó¶Ô¡±¡£

ÍõÑ©»ª½ÌÊÚÍŶӳÉÔ±ºÏÕÕ¡£ÍŶÓÈÏÕæÈËÍõÑ©»ª½ÌÊÚ£¨µÚ¶þÅÅ×ó6£©£¬£¬£¬ÂÛÎÄͨѶ×÷ÕßÁõ½ø½ÌÊÚ£¨µÚ¶þÅÅ×ó7£©£¬£¬£¬ÂÛÎĵÚÒ»×÷ÕßÁõ˳·¢¸±½ÌÊÚ£¨µÚÈýÅÅ×ó7£©

¸ÃÊÂÇéÓÉngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·Ö÷µ¼Íê³É£¬£¬£¬ngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·ÎïÀíѧԺ½ÌÊÚÁõ½øΪÂÛÎÄͨѶ×÷Õߣ¬£¬£¬ngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·ÎïÀíѧԺ½ÌÊÚÍõÑ©»ª¶Ô¸ÃÊÂÇéÌṩÁËÖ÷ÒªÖ¸µ¼£¬£¬£¬ngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·ÎïÀíѧԺ¸±½ÌÊÚÁõ˳·¢ÎªÂÛÎĵÚÒ»×÷Õß¡£ÖпÆÔº°ëµ¼ÌåËùÑо¿Ô±Å£ÖÇ´¨¡¢¡¢¡¢Äߺ£ÇÅ¡¢¡¢¡¢Ñî³É°Â£¬£¬£¬²©Ê¿ÁõÀúÊ·ÒÔ¼°ngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·½ÌÊÚÓ÷Ó±ÔÚÁ¿×ÓµãÉú³¤·½ÃæÌṩÁËÖ÷ÒªÖ§³Ö£¬£¬£¬µÂ¹ú¶àÌØÃɵ´óѧ²©Ê¿Éú Yasser SaleemºÍ½ÌÊÚ Moritz CygorekÔÚÁ¿×Ó¹âѧÀíÂÛ·½ÃæÌṩÁËÖ÷ÒªÖ§³Ö£¬£¬£¬Ìì½ò´óѧ½ÌÊÚºúСÁúÓ벩ʿÃÏÚSΪ¸ÃÊÂÇéÌṩÁËÓÃÓÚÊÙÃü²âÊԵij¬µ¼µ¥¹â×Ó̽²âÆ÷£¬£¬£¬ngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·²©Ê¿ÍõÑîÅô¡¢¡¢¡¢²©Ê¿½áÒµÉúÀîѧʫ¡¢¡¢¡¢²©Ê¿ºóÑî¼Ò쿶ԸÃÂÛÎĵÄʵÑ鲿·ÖÒàÓÐТ˳¡£

Áõ˳·¢ÌåÏÖ£¬£¬£¬ÏÂÒ»²½£¬£¬£¬ÍŶӽ«Ê¹ÓÃÑо¿ÖÐʵÏֵĸ߱£Õæ¶È¾À²ø¹âÔ´ºÍ¸ß´¿¶ÈË«¹â×ÓÔ´£¬£¬£¬¼ÌÐø¿ªÕ¹Á¿×ÓϸÃÜÕÉÁ¿ÓëÁ¿×ÓͨѶӦÓ÷½ÃæµÄÑо¿¡£

ÂÛÎÄÁ´½Ó£º£ºhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09267-6