ngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·

05

¿ÆÑÐÏ£Íû

ÑîÁ®Æ½ÍŶÓ£ºÉç»á¹æ·¶·´À¡·´¿¹ÉúËØ´¦·½ÐÐΪµÄÓ°Ïì¼°Òªº¦ÊÖÒÕÌØÕ÷

¸å¼þȪԴ£º¹«¹²ÎÀÉúѧԺ ±à¼­£ºÌ¸Ï£¡¢¡¢Íõ¶¬Ã· ÉóºË£ºÖª×ã ÔĶÁÁ¿£º

ngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·ÐÂÎÅÍøÑ¶£¨Í¨Ñ¶Ô±ÔøÓ±³¬¡¢¡¢Ê¯ÁÖ£©¿ËÈÕ £¬ngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·¹«¹²ÎÀÉúѧԺÑîÁ®Æ½ÍŶÓÔÚѬȾÁìÓòµÄ¹ú¼Ê¶¥¼¶ÆÚ¿¯The Lancet Infectious Disease £¨IF=71.421£©ÉϽÒÏþÁËÌâΪ¡°Effects of social norm feedback on antibiotic prescribing and its characteristics in behaviour change techniques: a mixed-methods systematic review¡±µÄ×ÛÊöÐÔÑо¿Ð§¹û £¬ÏµÍ³ÐðÊöÁËÉç»á¹æ·¶·´À¡£¡£¡£¨Social norm feedback, SNF£©¸ÉÔ¤¿¹ÉúËØ´¦·½ÐÐΪµÄÓÐÓÃÐÔ¼°ÆäÐÐΪ¸Ä±äÊÖÒÕ£¨Behavior change techniques, BCTs£©µÄÒªº¦ÌØÕ÷¡£¡£¡£¸ÃÂÛÎÄÓɹ«¹²ÎÀÉúѧԺÑîÁ®Æ½¸±½ÌÊÚΪͨѶ×÷Õß £¬Ë¶Ê¿Ñо¿ÉúÔøÓ±³¬ºÍʯÁÖΪÅäºÏµÚÒ»×÷Õß £¬ngµç×ÓÓÎÏ·¹«¹²ÎÀÉúѧԺÊǵÚÒ»Íê³Éµ¥Î»¡£¡£¡£

ϸ¾úÄÍÒ©ÐÔ£¨Antimicrobial resistance, AMR£©ÒѾ­³ÉΪÁËÒ»¸öÈÕÒæÑÏÖØµÄÈ«ÇòÐÔ¹«¹²ÎÀÉúÎÊÌâ¡£¡£¡£ÌìÏÂÎÀÉú×éÖ¯£¨World Health Organization, WHO£©ÓÚ2014ÄêÊ×´ÎÐû²¼µÄÈ«Çò¿¹¾úÒ©ÎïÄÍÒ©ÐÔ¼à²â±¨¸æ³Æ£ºÈôÊÇ²î³Ø¿¹¾úÒ©ÎïÀÄÓýÓÄɲ½·¥ £¬ÄÇôÔÚ²»¾ÃµÄδÀ´ £¬ÈËÀàÔÚÃæÁÙϸ¾úѬȾʱ½«»áÏÝÈëÎÞÒ©¿ÉÓõÄÌïµØ¡£¡£¡£±ðµÄ £¬¿¹ÉúËØÀÄÓû¹»áµ¼ÖÂÒ©Îï²»Á¼·´Ó³µÄ±¬·¢¡¢¡¢ÔöÌí×ÔÏÞÐÔ¼²²¡µÄÎÀÉú·þÎñÐèÇó £¬ÒÔ¼°ÔöÌí¼²²¡µÄ¾­¼Ã¼ç¸º¡£¡£¡£ÏÖÔÚ¿¹¾úÒ©ÎïÀÄÓñ»ÒÔΪÊÇÇý¶¯AMR¿ªÕ¹µÄÖ÷ÒªÒòËØ¡£¡£¡£ÐÐΪ¿ÆÑ§£¨Behaviour science£©¿ÉÒÔ³ÉΪ¾ÀÕý¿¹ÉúËØ²»¶ÔÀí´¦·½ÐÐΪµÄÖ÷Òª¹¤¾ß £¬¹ú¼ÊѧÕßÒ²Ô½À´Ô½ÈϿɻùÓÚÐÐΪ¿ÆÑ§ÀíÂÛ½øÒ»²½¸ÄÉÆÒ½ÉúÁÙ´²´¦·½ÓÃÒ©ÐÐΪµÄÖ÷Òª¼ÛÖµ¡£¡£¡£ÆäÖÐ £¬ÐÅÏ¢·´À¡¸ÉÔ¤ÖÐÌØÊâÖµµÃ¹Ø×¢µÄÒ»ÖÖÕ½ÂÔÊÇÉç»á¹æ·¶·´À¡¡£¡£¡£Ò½ÁÆÎÀÉúרҵְԱ¾ßÓÐÇ¿ÁÒµÄȺÌåרҵÎÄ»¯Æø·Õ £¬Æ«ÀëÕûÌ峣̬µÄÒ½ÁÆÐÐΪÍùÍù»á±»ÊÓΪ¡°²»³ÆÖ°¡± £¬ÕâÖÖÎÄ»¯¸øSNF¸ÉÔ¤µÄʵÑéÌṩÁËÎÂÈóÍÁÈÀ¡£¡£¡£È»¶ø £¬Ó°ÏìÒ½Éú¿¹ÉúËØ´¦·½ÐÐΪµÄÒòËØÊ®·ÖÖØ´ó £¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÔÚϲãÒ½ÁƱ£½¡»ú¹¹¡£¡£¡£SNFÄÜ·ñÓÐÓÃïÔÌ­Ò½ÉúµÄ¿¹ÉúËØ´¦·½ÐÐΪ £¬SNF¶ÔÓÅ»¯Ò½Éú¿¹ÉúËØ´¦·½ÐÐΪµÄЧ¹ûÓжà´ó £¬SNF¸ÉÔ¤µÄÀÖ³ÉʵÑéÊÜÄÄЩÒòËØÓ°Ïì £¬ÒÔ¼°SNF¸ÉÔ¤Éè¼ÆÓëÀÖ³ÉʵÑé¾ßÓÐÄÄЩҪº¦ÊÖÒÕÌØÕ÷µÈÎÊÌâØ½´ýÃ÷È·¡£¡£¡£

¸ÃÑо¿ÄÉÈëÁË23ƪʹÓÃÙÉÐнÏÁ¿¶ÔÒ½Éú¾ÙÐп¹ÉúËØ´¦·½·´À¡¸ÉÔ¤µÄʵ֤ÐÔÑо¿¡£¡£¡£Ñо¿Ð§¹ûÅú×¢Éç»á¹æ·¶·´À¡¿ÉÒÔÓÐÓýµµÍÒ½Éú4%µÄ¿¹ÉúËØ´¦·½ £¬ÇÒÔÚÉç»á¹æ·¶·´À¡Éè¼ÆÖÐÒªº¦µÄÐÐΪ¸Ä±äÊÖÒÕÊÇ"feedback on behavior"Óë"social comparison"¡£¡£¡£Ñо¿·¢Ã÷¡°Information about health consequences¡± £¬¡°Adding objects to the environment¡±ºÍ¡°Instruction on how to perform the behavior¡±ÊÇSNFÖнÏÓÐÓ¦ÓÃÔ¶¾°µÄÐÐΪ¸Ä±äÊÖÒÕ¡£¡£¡£


5567E4B14DE3A33E97ED511D39C_89C92C03_14824

ͼ1 ÄÉÈëµÄËùÓÐÑо¿ÖÐʹÓõÄÐÐΪ¸Ä±äÊÖÒÕ£¨BCTs£©


¸ÃÑо¿ÔËÓÃÁËCochraneЭ×÷ÍøEPOC£¨Effective Practice and Organization of Care£©×éµÄÒªÁìÑ§ÍøÂçÓëÉç»á¹æ·¶·´À¡¸ÉԤͬÆÚ¿ªÕ¹µÄÆäËûÅäÌײ½·¥¡£¡£¡£Í¬Ê± £¬ÆÊÎöÁËÉç»á¹æ·¶·´À¡¸ÉÔ¤ÀÖ³ÉʵÑéµÄÒªº¦»úÖÆ £¬ÍøÂçʹÓÃÉç»á¹æ·¶·´À¡¸ÉÔ¤µÄÎÄÏ×ËùÉæ¼°µ½µÄBCTs±àÂë £¬²¢ÇÒÅÌËãÁËBCTsÓÐÓñÈÂÊ¡£¡£¡£ÔÚÄÉÈëµÄËùÓÐÑо¿ÖÐ £¬¶¼Í¬Ê±°üÀ¨ÁË"feedback on behavior"Óë"social comparison"ÕâÁ½ÖÖ½¹µãBCT £¬ÔÚSNFʹÓõĸÉÔ¤°üÖз¢Ã÷BCT±àÂëΪ¡°Information about health consequences¡±µÄSNF¸ÉÔ¤µÄÓÐÓñÈÂÊ×î¸ß£¨Effective ratio, ER=13£© £¬Æä´ÎÊÇ¡°Adding objects to the environment¡±£¨ER=9£©ºÍ¡°Instruction on how to perform the behavior¡±£¨ER=9£©¡£¡£¡£


A755C90D6BD6626253B546BFBC7_51CBF4AC_11196

ͼ2 Éç»á¹æ·¶·´À¡¸ÉÔ¤ÖÐBCTsµÄÓÐÓñÈÂÊ£¨ER£©


MetaÆÊÎöÏÔʾSNF¿ÉÒÔÓÐÓÃïÔÌ­Ò½ÉúµÄ¿¹ÉúËØ´¦·½ÐÐΪ £¬×ÜÌåÂʲRD£©Îª4% (95%CI: 3%-6%, p<0.0001£©¡£¡£¡£¸ÉÔ¤Éè¼ÆµÄ¹¤¾ß£¨Ò½ÉúvsÒ½ÁƱ£½¡»ú¹¹£©¡¢¡¢¸ÉÔ¤·½Ê½£¨µç×ÓÓʼþvsʵÌåÐź¯£©¡¢¡¢¸ÉÔ¤ÊֶΣ¨Ä£ºýÅÅÃûvs׼ȷÅÅÃû£©¡¢¡¢¸ÉÔ¤·´À¡ÆµÂÊ£¨Ã¿ÔÂvsÿ¼¾¶È£©¾ù¿ÉÄܶÔSNF¸ÉԤЧ¹û±¬·¢²î±ðµÄDZÔÚÓ°Ïì¡£¡£¡£


CD8FCD84175121B98B60997F059_8F23267A_9E14

ͼ3 SNF¸ÉÔ¤¶ÔÒ½Éú¿¹ÉúËØ´¦·½ÐÐΪӰÏìµÄËæ»úЧӦɭÁÖͼ


×ܵÄÀ´Ëµ £¬SNFÊÇïÔÌ­Ò½Éú¿¹ÉúËØ´¦·½ÐÐΪµÄ¾ßÓкܴóÓ¦ÓÃÔ¶¾°µÄÕ½ÂÔ¡£¡£¡£SNFÉè¼ÆÍ¨³£Ê¹ÓöàÖÖBCTsÒòËØ £¬Ñо¿Ð§¹ûÏÔʾBCTs±àÂëʹÓÃÊýÄ¿µÄ¼¸¶à²¢²»»áÓ°Ïìµ½¸ÉÔ¤µÄЧ¹û £¬µ«Ê¹ÓõÄBCTsÖÖÀà¿ÉÄÜÊÇSNFʵÑéÀֳɵÄÒªº¦ £¬Èç¼û¸æ²»µ±¿¹ÉúËØ´¦·½µÄ¿µ½¡Ï³¡ £¬ÒÔ¼°Ö¸µ¼ÔõÑùºÏÀíïÔÌ­¿¹ÉúËØµÄʹÓõÈ¡£¡£¡£±ðµÄ £¬¸ÃÑо¿»¹·¢Ã÷SNFÓë¶àÖÖ¸ÉÔ¤Õ½ÂÔÁªºÏ¿ªÕ¹Ê± £¬SNF¸ÉԤЧ¹û¿ÉÄÜÔ½·¢ÏÔ×Å¡£¡£¡£

¶àÄÍҩϸ¾úµÄѸËÙÈö²¥Òâζ×ÅÎÒÃÇÎÞ·¨Ô¤·À»òÎÞ·¨ÖÎÁƵÄÈÕ³£Ñ¬È¾ºÍ¼²²¡Ô½À´Ô½¶à £¬ÏÖÓеĿ¹Î¢ÉúÎïÖÎÁÆÒ©ÎïÕýÖð½¥Ê§È¥ÆäЧÁ¦£»£»£»Óë´Ëͬʱ £¬ÐÂÐÍ¿¹ÉúËØµÄÑз¢Õý´¦ÓÚÀúÊ·µÄ×îµÍˮƽ £¬Òò´Ë £¬ÎÒÃDZØÐèͨ¹ýÓÅ»¯¿¹¾úÒ©ÎïʹÓÃÀ´±£»£»£»¤ÆäÓÐÓÃÐÔ¡£¡£¡£¿£¿¹ÉúËØÄÍÒ©µÄ½ôÆÈÐÔ¡¢¡¢È«ÇòÐÔºÍÉú̬ÐÔÅú×¢£ºÔÚ¿¹Î¢ÉúÎïÒ©ÎïÄÍÒ©µÄÑÏËàÐÎÊÆÏ £¬¾ßÓеͱ¾Ç®¡¢¡¢ËÙÂʿ졢¡¢ÊµÑ鹿ģÆÕ±éµÄSNF¿¹ÉúËØÖÎÀíÕ½ÂÔ £¬¶Ô¸÷¹ú¿¹ÉúËØÁÙ´²Ó¦ÓõÄÁ¢ÒìÐÔÖÎÀíÓÐÖ÷Òª²Î¿¼¼ÛÖµ¡£¡£¡£

¸ÃÑо¿Êܵ½¹ú¼Ò×ÔÈ»¿ÆÑ§»ù½ð£¨Åú×¼ºÅ£º72074234£©¡¢¡¢ÃÀ¹úÖлªÒ½Ñ§»ù½ð»á£¨Åú×¼ºÅ£ºCMB-OC19-337£©µÈÏîÄ¿µÄ×ÊÖú¡£¡£¡£

ÂÛÎÄÁ´½Ó£ºhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00720-4

¡¾ÍøÕ¾µØÍ¼¡¿